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The most common brass instruments are the trumpet, trombone and tuba, plus a variety of horns, including the French horn. The trumpet, trombone and tuba are typically fitted with a cupped mouthpiece, while other horns usually employ a conical mouthpiece. Most brass instruments, at least those constructed of brass or other metals, use valves or a slide as the primary pitch adjustment. Some brass instruments incorporate one or more slides in addition to valves, allowing the player to make subtle pitch adjustments above or below that of the valved note. Whether using valves or a slide as the primary adjustment, both methods involve the lengthening of the tubed distance between the player and the bell.
Unlike woodwind instruments, which produce omnidirectional sound, brass instruments project the majority of their sound straight outward from the bell, meaning their sound is often highly directional. Care must be taken to prevent balance issues when brass instruments perform with those of other categories in live and recording situations.